Guaraná

(Paullinia Cupani)

Family: Sapindaceae
Genus: Paullinia
Species: Cupani
Synonyms: Paullinia sorbilis
Common Names: Guarana, guarana kletterstrauch, guaranastruik, quarantine, quarantine, Cupani, Brazilian cocoa, uabano, uaranzeiro
Phyto elements: adenine, allantoin, alpha-copaene, anethole, caffeine, Carvacrol, caryophyllene, catechins, catechutannic acid, choline, dimethylbenzene, dimethylpropylphenol, estragole, glucose, guanine, Hypoxanthine, limonene, mucilage, Nicotinic acid, proanthocyanidins, protein, resin , salicylic acid, starch, sucrose, tannic acid, tannins, theobromine, Theophylline, timbonine, and xanthina.
Parts Used: Seeds, fruit

PROPERTY 'AND ACTIONS

Main actions:
stimulating
increases energy
dilates blood cases
increases diuresis
calm the nerves
fights free radicals
reduces the weight

Other actions:
relieves pain
boosts memory
slightly laxative
increases libido
kills bacteria
fluidifica blood
Assay standards:
Seeds.
Decoction: 1tazza 1-3 times a day;
Tincture: 1-3 ml 2-3 times a day;
Capsules: 1-2 g 2-3 times a day;
Extracted standard: Follow the instructions on the label
Guaraná is a creeping shrub typical of Amazon (and in particular regions of Manaus and Parintins).

The first chemical examination of the seeds of Guaraná has been done by the German botanist Theodore von Martius in the'700. He isolated a bitter substance and crystalline and called guaranina which subsequently was called caffeine. In fact, the guaranina seems to be nothing but caffeine linked to tannins and phenols. In plants, xanthine (ie caffeine) are bound to sugars, phenols and the tannins, and are bound or released during the roasting process. Guaraná seeds contain up to 4-8% caffeine (between 25,000 to 75,000 ppm), as well as theophylline (between 500 and 750 ppm) and theobromine (between 300 and 500 ppm). They also contain a large amount of alkaloids, terpenes, tannins, flavonoids, starch, saponins, and resinous substances.

COMPARISON OF THE CAFFEINE CONTENT OF THE PRODUCTS OF COMMON BEVERAGES
This plant in the beverage caffeine Caffeine Content of media in 180ml of beverage *
Seeds of Guaraná (Paullinia Cupani) 4-8% 200-400 mg
Coffee berry (Coffea sp) 1-2.5% 100-250 mg
Leaves of yerba maté 0.7-2% 50-100 mg
Black tea (Camellia sinensis) 2.5-4.5 mg 10-60%
Chocolate (cocoa beans) 0.25% 13 mg
* Based on the amount used in the methods of preparation

It is believed that the xanthine alkaloids (caffeine, theophylline and theobromine) contribute significantly to the action of Guaraná. In clinical studies, theophylline has been shown to stimulate the heart and central nervous system, enhance the state of alert and reduce fatigue and also has a strong diuretic action and reduces bronchial constraints, thus being useful for asthma. Similar effects also possess them theobromine. Caffeine, in addition to many known uses, has shown the property to help burn fat and reduce fatigue.

Western medicine has gradually validated secular uses of this plant by the natives. In 1989, American researchers have patented an extract of Guaraná seeds capable of preventing formation of blood clots and to help the breakdown of those already trained. The same result was obtained two years later by a Brazilian team that has tested the traditional use of this plant for fluidificazione blood.

Also use as energy tonic, for mental acuity and to enhance long-term memory has been confirmed by scientists. In 1997 it was established that can help increase in Guaraná energy physics, physical endurance under stress and memory with a single dose. A Brazilian research group has discovered the function of memory enhancement and anti-amnesic action. It's was patented by U.S. researchers of a compound of some plants (including Guaraná) to promote the physical and mental state of alert this without causing nervousness or tension. It's been documented that Guaraná (often in combination with other plants) may facilitate weight loss by creating a feeling of fullness and a slight effect termogenico.

Traditionally, guarana was also used for headache and migraine. In 1997, a study has found the anti-pain activity of the plant that also explains its use for the neuralgia, the backache and rheumatism.
Similarly, have been documented antibacterial properties against E. Coli and salmonella, antioxidants (even at low doses inhibits the process of preossidazione lipids), as well as the action of increased levels of glucose in the blood and, therefore, suppression of ipoglicemia.

The use of this plant by the Amerindians before the discovery of Brazil. The indigenous tribes of South America is still preparing a beverage very similar to chocolate with the seeds of this plant and used in the preparation of various foods, beverages and medicines. The tribes of the Amazon forest and use Guaraná used as stimulant, astringent and tonic in the treatment of chronic diarrhea, fever, of migraine, neuralgia of dysentery and as prevention for atherosclerosis, as a remedy for cardiovascular disorders, such as anti -pain.

Below is a brief overview on the uses of etnomedici guaranà.


Amazon: For atherosclerosis, cleaning blood, cramps, diarrhea, dysentery, dyspepsia, fasting, fatigue, fever, headache, heart support, intestinal gas, malaria, obesity, and as a stimulant, aphrodisiac and astringent
Brazil: For constipation, convalescence, stimulate the central nervous system, depression, diarrhea, digestive problems, dysentery, exhaustion, fasting, fever, gastrointestinal problems, headache, heart support, collapsing from heat, mind, intestinal gas, jet lag, lumbago, malaria, memory enhancement, menstrual problems, migraine, nervous asthenia, nervousness, neuralgia, rheumatism, skin disorders, stress, fluid retention, weakness, as adattogeno, aphrodisiac, antiseptic, stimulant and appetite suppression
Canada For fever, enhance libido, nervous disorders, a stimulant and tonic
Europe For depression, diarrhea, exhaustion, fatigue, heart support, headache, migraine, nervous disorders, neuralgia, vaginal mucus, fluid retention, a stimulant and tonic
Latin America For diarrhea, fatigue, after-effects of a hangover, headache, and how challenging
Mexico: For diarrhea, and how challenging
Peru: For cellulite, convalescence, diarrhea, dysentery, fatigue, heart support, fever, hypertension, migraine, nerve support, neuralgia, obesity, paralysis, rheumatism, as an aphrodisiac, astringent, stimulant and tonic
South America: For arteriosclerosis, intestinal problems, diarrhea, fever, heart support, support for nerve pain, as an aphrodisiac, stimulant and tonic
U.S. To suppress the appetite, athletic enhancement, concentration, diarrhea, resistance, exhaustion, fatigue, headaches, depression or irritability, migraine, nervous support, obesity, pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS), vaginal mucus, fluid retention, as aphrodisiac , stimulating and tonic

Elsewhere:
For convalescence, diarrhea, weakness, diarrhea, headache, backache, migraine, nerves, neuralgia, pain, rheumatism, water retention, as aphrodisiac, astringent, stimulant and tonic



GUARANI
Primary method of preparation: infusion or capsules
Key actions (in order): Exciting, antioxidant, strengthening memory, nerve (balance / calms nerves), cardiotonico (tones, balances, strengthens the heart)
Main uses:
a stimulant-based energy caffeine
as adjuvant to weight loss (suppresses appetite and increases the burning of fat)
for headache and migraine
to tone, balance and strengthen the heart, as blood purifier and to reduce / prevent the blood clots too dense and
as a refrigerant (lowers body temperature) to prevent overheating and collapses from heat

Properties / actions documented by research:
Analgesic (anti-pain), antibacterial, antioxidant, hyperglycaemia, potenziante memory, nerve (balance / calms nerves), neurasthenia (reduces nerve pain), inhibitor of aggregation of platelets (prevents obstructed arteries), stimulant, vasodilator
Other properties / actions documented by traditional
Anticoagulant (blood), antiseptic, aphrodisiac, appetite suppression, astringent, blood purifier, cardiotonico (tones, balances and strengthens the heart), carminative (expels gas), central nervous system stimulant, digestive stimulant, diuretic, hypotensive (lowers blood pressure), laxative, menstrual stimulant, termogenico (increases the process of burning fat)

Traditional preparation:
½ or 1 cup of infusion of seeds 1-3 times a day, or 1-3 ml of a 4:1 tincture twice daily, 1-2 g seed powder in tablets or capsules (or dissolved in water or fruit juice) 1-3 times a day. The therapeutic dosage is reported at 4-5 g per day.
Relatively new on the market there are Guaraná extracts and concentrates with a standard caffeine between 5% and 15%

Contraindications:

Do not use during pregnancy or breastfeeding
Guaraná contains caffeine: Avoid using if you are allergic or sensitive to caffeine or xanthine. Moreover, excessive use of caffeine is contraindicated for those suffering from high pressure, heart disease, diabetes, ulcers, epilepsy and other disorders
Interaction with drugs:
May enhance anticoagulant drugs.
Can have adverse effects (headache) when taken together with MAO inhibitors.

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